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Turkey forms a bridge between Europe and Asia, with the division between the two running from the Black Sea (Karadeniz) to the north down along Bosporus

 (Istanbul Bogazi) strait through the Sea of Marmara (Marmara Denizi) and the Dardanelles (Canakkale Bogazi) strait to the Aegean Sea (Ege Denizi) and the larger Mediterranean Sea (Akdeniz) to the south. The Anatolian peninsula or Anatolia (Anadolu) consists of a high central plateau with narrow coastal plains, in between the Koroglu and East-Black Sea mountain range to the north and the Taurus Mountains (Toros Daglari) to the south. To the east is found a more mountainous landscape, home to the sources of rivers such as the Euphrates (Firat), Tigris (Dicle) and the Araks (Aras), as well as Lake Van (Van Golu) and Mount Ararat (Agri Dagi), Turkeys highest point at 5,137 metres (16,853 ft).Turkey is also prone to very severe earthquakes. The Bosphorus and the Dardanelles owe their existence to the fault lines running through

Turkey, leading to the creation of the Black Sea.There is an earthquake fault line across the north of the country from west to east.

PLANE


Turkish Airlines has flights among major cities which are convenient for longer distances, and relatively inexpensive (most fares are YTL79 to YTL200 one-way).Onur Air, Atlasjet, IzAir, and Sun Express have growing route systems and even lower fares. See also Major Airports and Airport/City Codes.
 

BUS


Thousands of modern, luxurious buses roar between Turkish cities and towns daily. This is how most Turks travel. Unfortunately, it's difficult to get fares and schedules (try here), but you can do that easily when you arrive in Turkey. Departures are frequent, and you don't need advance rservations on most routes. Here are sample routes, fares and travel times from Istanbul to many cities.
 

CAR


If you are an experienced driver and can manage a standard shift ("stick shift," not automatic) transmission, and want freedom of movement, consider renting a car in Turkey.
 

TRAIN


The Orient Express is gone, but train travel in Turkey is still useful, especially trains between Ankara and Istanbul. (Here's a map.) Expresses, Super Expresses and sleeping car trains are somewhat slower than the bus but offer more seating-room and comfort for less money. Otherwise, most of Turkey's trains are older and relatively slow, but still useful and quite cheap.

 

SHIP & FERRY


Sea of Marmara ferry services run between Istanbul on the north shore and Yalova and Bandirma on the south shore , and across the Dardanelles.
 

If you're coming by cruise ship, here's information on cruise ship ports and docks.
 

Denizline used to operate Istanbul—Izmir car ferry service, but that service has ended. There is no Istanbul—Izmir car ferry.
 

Many people use the Greek Island ferry services between Greece's Aegean islands and the Turkish mainland. You may also be interested in ferries among the Greek Islands and ferries between Turkey and Italy.
 

Source : http://www.turkeytravelplanner.com/trans/index.html